A number of European countries have long emphasized comprehensive national strategies to reduce health disparities and address the social determinants of health in their polices and programmes.

This has been particularly marked in the Nordic countries. A recent report from the Norwegian Ministry of Health and Care Services to the national parliament sets out a long-term strategy for reducing social inequalities in health.

Sweden also has developed comprehensive strategies. A recent national public health strategy includes such objectives as increasing public participation and influence within society, including of the most vulnerable and marginalized, and enhancing economic and social security as a pre-condition of good health. In fact five of its twelve objectives focus on non-health determinants. A speech outlining the strategy here and and the report here.