How do we understand the complex structural, regional, and local-level factors that contribute to spatial concentrations of poverty in our cities? How can we accurately identify the number of seniors living in Toronto that require in-home supports, or predict the long-term health and service needs of this rapidly growing population? How do annual income measures connect to the quality or availability of public services such as employment supports, education, or Medicare? While there have been numerous efforts on the part of policy-makers to link population-level indicators of risk, inequality and well-being to the need for better programs and services, our governments lack sufficient data to answer these questions.