There have been a number of recent cases of Toronto-area hospitals denying OHIP registration to newborns of parents who do not have permanent resident status. Universal healthcare has been a point of Canadian pride for decades, yet some of our most vulnerable are left without the most basic of coverage, making them susceptible to negative health effects and an inability to thrive in early years. In response to these concerns, raised by the Network for Non-Insured Clients, Wellesley Institute undertook this research to understand the root causes of these troubling cases. Based on consultations with hospital staff and community health care providers, the consultation paper identifies gaps and opportunities to clarify and improve the existing infant OHIP registration process with the goal of ensuring all newborns have access to OHIP in a timely and barrier-free way.